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The Tretyakov Gallery

by Orest Kiprensky. Portrait of Alexander Pushkin
by Orest Kiprensky.
Portrait of
Alexander Pushkin
The Tretyakov Gallery dates from 1856, when the purchase of Nikolai Schilder's painting The Temptation saw the beginning of the collecting activities of the young, wealthy Moscow merchant, Pavel Tretyakov (1832 - 1898). Whereas his first acquisitions followed no clear pattern, paintings by Vasily Perov, added to the collection in the sixties, determined paths which the Gallery was to follow. There was to be a collection of Russian painting, the fulfillment of a historic mission - that of patriotic and moral education of the people. Pavel Tretyakov acquired the very best from contemporary painters in Moscow and St Petersburg. The collection contains many works by members of the Society for Circulating Art Exhibitions (The Peredvizhniki). Often taking part in the selection of pictures were such outstanding painters as Ivan Kramskoi and Ilya Repin, the critic Vladimir Stasov and other Russian cultural figures; this turned Tretyakov's collection into a veritable center of Russia's artistic life.
The collector's brother, Sergei Tretyakov, was also a connoisseur of art who collected pictures not only by Russian, but also by French and Dutch painters. The Tretyzakov brothers' mansion in Lavrushinsky Lane had to be expanded in 1872 to accommodate the two collections. Subsequently, rebuilding had to be undertaken five times. Six more rooms had to be added in 1882 to accommodate the vast Turkestan series of paintings by Vasily Vereshchagin. The modern facade of the Gallery was added to the Tretyakov's mansion in 1902 from a design by Victor Vasnetsov.
The collection of Pavel and Sergei Tretyakov was opened to the public in I874 as a private museum and rapidly became very popular.
In 1892 Pavel Tretyakov presented his collection, by that time already famous, to the city of Moscow.
by Vasily Tropinin. Portrait of the Artist's Son
by Vasily Tropinin.
Portrait of
the Artist's Son
In 1917 the collection numbered 4,060 items. By the Decree of the Soviet government of June 3, 1918, signed by Lenin, the Gallery was nationalized. From a municipal museum, the Tretyakov Gallery was transformed into a state museum. In the twenties the Gallery was enlarged through the addition of the collections of the major Moscow collectors I. Ostroukhov and I. Tsvetkov, S.Shcherbatov, of paintings from the Historical Museum and works of art from palaces, estates and churches. During those years paintings by Western Europeans, mostly Dutch and French masters, were transferred from the Tretyakav Gallery to what is today the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts. This made the collection of the Tretyakov Gallery more uniform and altered its structure. During the thirties the growth of the collection made it necessary to build another 16 new halls, which doubled the area of the former building. The most spacious hall was designed to accommodate the painting The Appearance of Christ to the People by Alexander Ivanov. This huge canvas, which marked a whole stage in the history of Russian painting, was handed over to the Gallery together with a rich collection of the painter's studies and sketches from the Rumiantsev Museum. At the same time, the Gallery received a number of works by Russian sculptors of the late 18th and early 19th centuries which started the beginning of a Department of Sculpture. Pavel Tretyakov also started a collection of Russian graphic art.
Also, in the Department of Russian Icons, one can see the famous Old Testament Trinity, the only work authentically attributed to Andrei Rubliov. Its subject is borrowed from the Old Testament story of the appearance of God to Abraham and Sarah in the image of three travel weary angels who asked for shelter. Rubliov depicted the three angels as an embodiment of the concept of spirituality.
The Old Testament Trinity was considered to be the main icon of the TrinitySergius Monastery at Zagorsk;
by Ivan Shishkin. The Corn
by Ivan Shishkin. The Corn
the chronicles certify that Andrei Rubliov was its author (like all icon-painters of his time, Rubliov never signed his works). Another masterpiece attributed to him with rather a high degree of certainty is a series of icons for the iconostasis of the cathedral near the town of Zvenigorod, not far from Moscow. The Gallery possesses outstanding Russian paintings of the 16th century, including icons attributed to Dionysius. The department's display concludes with works by the 17th century icon painters of the Kremlin Armory headed by Simon Ushakov.
In 1912, the museum was opened to the public. Now Moscow had a comprehensive collection of copies of ancient Greek, Roman, medieval and Renaissance masterpieces, including electroplate copies of some of the best-known silverware antiquities. In addition to that, the museum found itself in possession of a remarkable co11ection of Egyptian antiquities and several 13th and 14th century Italian paintings.
The Museum of Fine Arts functioned as an educational center under the auspices of Moscow University until 1923, when it was handed over to Narkompros (The People's Commissariat of Education) as a national museum. The new status required essential changes in the structure and work of the museum.
In the early twenties, the museum already housed a substantial collection of paintings. These at first included Dutch and French paintings from the Tretyakov Art Gallery collection as well as French and Flemish paintings and several Rembrandts from the collection of the abolished Rumiantsev Museum.
Gradually the Museum of Fine Arts, from a collection of replicas, turned into a repository of original artistic masterpieces. It was named after Pushkin in 1937 (the centenary of the poet's death).
In 1948, the museum collection grew again, to include the late 19th and early 20th century French paintings and French sculptures of the same period from the abolished Museum of Modern Western Art. This provided a link with modern art.



  More information about Moscow:   [ The Kremlin ] [ The Red Square Mausoleum ] [ The Tretyakov Gallery ] [ G.U.M. ] [ Bolshoi Imperial Theatre ] [ The Novodevichy Convent ]
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Diana is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Diana, 31
Palmira
Martha is a beautiful woman of Costa Rica.
Martha, 42
Cartago
Cecilia is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Cecilia, 33
Barranquilla
Liliana is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Liliana, 36
Cali
Modesta is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Modesta, 34
Cartagena
Maria Isabel is a beautiful woman of Mexico.
Maria I., 35
S' Luis Potosi

Meet the Foreign Sweethearts and Prospective Foreign Brides of Latin America


The services of A Distant Light™ are available to all adult persons of good character, everywhere in the world.  Our prospective foreign brides now number more than 39,000, representing some 60 nations. 


Ladies are welcome to submit their profiles for publication, without charge, on our Web sites.  Gentlemen who want to promote themselves to the ladies can publish their profiles in our magazine. 



Carmen is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Carmen, 32
Sabanalarga
Maria is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Maria, 35
Cartagena
Cristina is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Cristina, 33
Santa Marta
Lina is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Lina, 45
Covenas
Gloria Marisol is a beautiful woman of El Salvador.
Gloria M., 30
Ilopango
Monica is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Monica, 32
Sincelejo



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Galina is a beautiful woman of Belarus.
Galina, 54
Minsk
Rita is a beautiful woman of Kyrgyzstan.
Rita, 38
Bishkek
Oksana is a beautiful woman of Latvia.
Oksana, 35
Riga
Katerina is a beautiful woman of Russia.
Katerina, 31
St Petersburg
Ivona is a beautiful woman of Poland.
Ivona, 34
Oswiecim
Edina is a beautiful woman of Hungary.
Edina, 31
Budapest

Find the Foreign Sweethearts and Prospective Foreign Brides of Europe and the CIS Countries
(We have grouped the Baltic States together with the CIS countries.)


A Distant Light™ Romance Tours by A Foreign Affair are extraordinary travel adventures.  Beyond the excitement of exploring faraway places, imagine having a lovely woman like one of those featured here – or one of many hundreds of other beautiful hearts – as your companion and guide.  Consider the possibility of her becoming a lifetime companion.  This could happen for you! 


If you don't have a special lady in mind to meet, where would you like to go exploring?  To find which of our tours appeals to you most, begin at the Romance Tours Index.  If you've chosen one of the foreign sweethearts who lives far from any of our Romance Tours destinations, or you prefer to meet independently, we can provide Travel Information to help facilitate your meeting. 



Natalia is a beautiful woman of Russia.
Natalia, 30
St Petersburg
Nataliya is a beautiful woman of Ukraine.
Nataliya, 32
Sevastopol
Elena is a beautiful woman of Belarus.
Elena, 34
Minsk
Zhanna is a beautiful woman of Ukraine.
Zhanna, 36
Zaporozhye
Alisa is a beautiful woman of Uzbekistan.
Alisa, 30
Tashkent
Irina is a beautiful woman of Estonia.
Irina, 51
Narva



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Lupe is a beautiful woman of the Philippines.
Lupe, 33
Bukidnon
Phasinee is a beautiful woman of Thailand.
Phasinee, 45
Bangkok
Imeeva is a beautiful woman of the Philippines.
Imeeva, 38
Tacloban
Rosalynn is a beautiful woman of the Philippines.
Rosalynn, 51
Cebu
Jetta is a beautiful woman of Hong Kong.
Jetta, 33
Hong Kong
Aida is a beautiful woman of the Philippines.
Aida, 32
Davao

Discover the Foreign Sweethearts and Prospective Foreign Brides of Eastern Asia


And for an uplifting example of romance gone right, take time to enjoy the Web site of Jeffrey and Emelda Hollis.  Screenwriter Jeff's engaging stories of courtship and marriage with Emelda (who is absolutely adorable) will touch your heart. 


Jeff & Emelda: A Love Story
Marriage Can Be a Trip
Immigration Diary
J and E vs Maury Povich
Emelda in America
The Woman of His Dreams


Jocelyn is a beautiful woman of Hong Kong.
Jocelyn, 43
Kowloon
Evelyn is a beautiful woman of the Philippines.
Evelyn, 32
Bukidnon
Alona is a beautiful woman of Hong Kong.
Alona, 41
Hong Kong
Candy is a beautiful woman of China.
Candy, 33
Guangzhou
Ana is a beautiful woman of Singapore.
Ana, 36
Singapore
Rowena is a beautiful woman of the Philippines.
Rowena, 30
Cebu



Across the Orient, elegant traditional costumes like the blue dress worn by the lady at right are de rigueur for any formal affair.  Every woman who can possibly afford it owns at least one such outfit, in the style that is characteristic of her particular culture.


If such a woman were eventually to become your bride, one of her gifts to you would be to dress this way, on special occasions, to please you and make you feel proud of her.  One of your gifts to her would be to create many such opportunities for her to enjoy with you.


Imagine the heads your lady would turn, and the tremendous pride you would take in having her walk by your side.


Such considerations, by themselves, do not constitute grounds for marriage, but they can be among the potential rewards of a well-founded multicultural partnership.

~~~



Who Is This Elegant Lady?


In the sections immediately preceding and following this, we feature a total of 25 of the beautiful women of eastern Asia.  Most are shown wearing contemporary Western-style attire.  Here, we present one of those same ladies adorned in styles that are traditional to her culture.  Bearing in mind that her assorted photographs may have been taken at various times, can you recognize which of our featured Asian women this is?  (When you are ready, click on either of these pictures to see her profile.) 


A Beautiful Asian Woman A Lovely Asian Lady



Prasertporn, 30
Donmueang




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Evelyn is a beautiful woman of the Philippines.
Evelyn, 32
Davao
Angelita is a beautiful woman of the Philippines.
Angelita, 44
Tagbilaran
Roda is a beautiful woman of Hong Kong.
Roda, 32
Hong Kong
Cherry is a beautiful woman of Hong Kong.
Cherry, 35
Hong Kong
Zhang is a beautiful woman of China.
Zhang, 38
Chengdu
Ratchanee is a beautiful woman of Thailand.
Ratchanee, 33
Phayathai

International Introduction Service Q & A

Foreign Courtship Advice and Recommendations From the Editors of A Distant Light™



Q: I'd prefer to meet a woman immediately than to first correspond with her at length.  Wouldn't that be the more effective approach? 


A: The answer depends upon what you hope to accomplish. 


For men whose objective is simply to get away for a well-deserved vacation, one of our Romance Tours could be the travel adventure of a lifetime, with abundant opportunities for dating attractive (often stunningly attractive) single women who genuinely desire to meet them.  AFA takes care of all the details, and clients can enjoy meeting new friends almost immediately. 


For those whose purpose is to identify and meet potential life partners, however, there is no substitute for adequate preparation.  Clients who lack the necessary patience to establish and develop meaningful relationships before rushing to meet the prospective foreign brides might succeed in finding suitable partners within the context of a Romance Tour, but it shouldn't require a rocket scientist to calculate that their chances of connecting with the right one among hundreds of available women will be substantially limited. 


The interests of men who are disinclined to correspond might be better served by local dating agencies than by an international introductions agency such as A Distant Light™



Q: Why write to several prospective foreign brides at one time?  Wouldn't that just diffuse my efforts, and risk offending all of them? 


A: You can more objectively evaluate the suitability of potential partners, and be less reluctant to downplay any relationships that fail to show promise, if you have a variety of available alternatives. 


Besides, experience has shown that even very well written letters of introduction to single foreign women seeking marriage can be expected to elicit favorable responses in only about 50 percent of instances.  Typical letters to women looking for husbands might draw favorable responses in only 30 to 40 percent of instances.  Although the prospective foreign brides are eager to find life partners, generally they are not desperate.  (If they were desperate, you shouldn't want them!)  Rather, they will be as careful about selecting their partners as you should be.  Some rejections are therefore to be expected, and shouldn't be taken personally because the women don't know you personally. 


Also, about half of the women who initially are receptive may decide, after further evaluation, to continue their searches. 


So, if you were to approach, say, a dozen prospective foreign brides, you might realistically expect to be able to choose, eventually, among two or perhaps three of them.  (Remember, though, that this is based on statistical data, from which your individual experience may differ.) 


Generally speaking, you'll do better to maintain a balanced perspective and improve your chances of success by beginning, on a casual basis, with as many prospective foreign brides as you can comfortably manage, and progressively narrowing the field as relationships develop.  The women shouldn't object to this reasonable approach if you are honest with them, you respect their feelings and they understand that your intention is to find the most suitable partner, which, after all, is in the best interests of everyone. 



Evi is a beautiful woman of Indonesia.
Evi, 34
Jakarta
Rowena is a beautiful woman of Hong Kong.
Rowena, 33
Hong Kong
Sheila is a beautiful woman of Singapore.
Sheila, 31
Singapore
Eka is a beautiful woman of Singapore.
Eka, 32
Singapore
Florabel is a beautiful woman of the Philippines.
Florabel, 31
Gingoog
Winnie is a beautiful woman of Taiwan.
Winnie, 31
Kaohsiung



Perspectives


Joel Crohn


Henry Makow


Dugan Romano


Lynn Visson


Amazon.com



Luvessentials




Foreign Sweethearts and Foreign Brides Resources


Foreign sweethearts are more likely to become the foreign brides of gentlemen who demonstrate an interest in, and some knowledge of, their native cultures.  A Lonely Planet ® Travel Survival Kit™ can be helpful.  Besides the practical advice for travelers, they provide some historical background and discuss relevant social, political and economic aspects of modern society.



Cambodia

China

Hong Kong
and Macau

Indonesia

Japan

Korea


Malaysia,
Singapore
and Brunei

Philippines

Taiwan

Thailand

Vietnam
…or click here to browse more Lonely Planet ® titles.


You can benefit from the experiences (both good and bad) of others, in the pursuit of intercultural relationships, by referring to these worthwhile additional foreign brides resources.  And remember, at A Distant Light™ we're here to help!  You can contact us by phone, fax, e-mail or postal mail, or visit us (no appointment is necessary during regular business hours) at any of the AFA offices worldwide. 


ASAWA
Filipina
Wives.com
Planet-Love
Planet–Love
Premiere Site
Russian-Travel.net
Russian-
Travel.net

"Love is eternal.  The aspect may change, but not the essence.  There is the same difference in a person, before and after he is in love, as there is in an unlighted lamp and one that is burning.  The lamp was there and was a good lamp, but now it is shedding light, too – and that is its real function." 

 

—Vincent van Gogh 


Also see
 A Distant Light™

"Sea of Love"




 We appreciate the cooperation of these and other friends around the world.



Translation by Victor A. Voronel 
MEMBER, AMERICAN TRANSLATORS ASSOCIATION
Contact Victor




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Compact Jazz: Astrud Gilberto  (Verve)
Hear Astrud Gilberto's music now, at Amazon.com!

    This popular American singer and songwriter of German and Brazilian descent is admired by generations of music lovers everywhere.  Her name is practically synonymous with the bossa nova style of her native Brazil, and her endearing voice can be one of the most seductive on the planet. 
    Yet, there is more to be said of this remarkable woman, of which you may have been unaware.  She is also a talented graphic artist.  Through sales of the reproductions and prints of her original artworks (which can make unforgettable gifts, especially when signed by the artist herself), she supports efforts to protect animals from mistreatment. 
    Please see the charming (if, at times, necessarily intense) Web pages that have been created, with love, by this profoundly beautiful human being, 

–––––––—Ms. Astrud Gilberto—–––––––


[The Editors of A Distant Light™ are privileged to express our appreciation of Ms. Gilberto and her work.  Ms. Gilberto is not a participant in our service.]




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